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Getting Started with Indoor Air Filters

June 18, 2026 · The Clime Team
Getting Started with Indoor Air Filters

Indoor air quality significantly impacts health and comfort. Utilizing air filters is an effective strategy to reduce indoor pollutants.

What Are Air Filters?

Air filters are devices designed to remove contaminants from the air, enhancing indoor air quality. They come in two primary types:

  • Portable Air Cleaners: Also known as air purifiers, these are designed to filter the air in a single room or area.

  • HVAC Filters: Integrated into heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning systems, these filters clean the air circulating throughout the entire home.

How Do Air Filters Work?

Air filters capture airborne particles such as dust, pollen, mold spores, and pet dander. Some filters also address gaseous pollutants like volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The effectiveness of a filter depends on its type and specifications.

Selecting the Right Air Filter

When choosing an air filter, consider the following:

  • Filter Efficiency: Filters are rated by their ability to capture particles of different sizes.

  • MERV Rating: The Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV) indicates a filter's efficiency. Higher MERV ratings correspond to better particle capture. For example, filters with a MERV rating of 13 or higher are effective at capturing smaller particles. (19january2021snapshot.epa.gov)

  • Filter Type: High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters are highly effective, capturing at least 99.97% of particles as small as 0.3 microns. (19january2021snapshot.epa.gov)

  • Compatibility: Ensure the filter fits your HVAC system or portable air cleaner.

Maintaining Air Filters

Regular maintenance is crucial for optimal performance:

  • Replacement: Follow the manufacturer's guidelines for replacing filters. Some filters need replacement every few months, while others may last longer.

  • Cleaning: Some filters, like certain HVAC filters, can be cleaned and reused. Refer to the manufacturer's instructions for cleaning procedures.

Additional Considerations

  • DIY Air Cleaners: Creating a DIY air cleaner using a box fan and a high-efficiency filter can be effective. Ensure the fan is in good working condition and follow safety guidelines. (epa.gov)

  • Limitations: While air filters can reduce many indoor pollutants, they may not eliminate all contaminants. Combining air filtration with other practices, such as reducing indoor pollution sources and ensuring proper ventilation, can further improve indoor air quality.

By selecting appropriate air filters and maintaining them properly, you can significantly enhance the air quality in your home, contributing to a healthier living environment.

Highlights:

  • Air Cleaners and Air Filters in the Home | US EPA, Published on Wednesday, February 18
  • Guide to Air Cleaners in the Home | US EPA, Published on Monday, February 16
  • Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Frequently Asked Questions | US EPA, Published on Wednesday, July 23

Frequently Asked Questions